当代中国人“偏好”上访的成因探析——基于国家治理制度供给视角的观察

Preference to Petition in Contemporary Chinese——Based on National Governance System

有人认为当代中国形成的"上访热",是传统文化潜移默化的结果。虽然上访是中国古已有之的制度,但是在古代中国并不发达。而且,古代中国存在上访制度的原因是行政与司法混同,其上访大体相当于今天的上诉。当代中国人"偏好"上访,最直接的原因是国家的治理制度供给存在缺陷:一是民众权益表达机制不畅,二是司法维权困难,三是政策的"逆向鼓励"使得上访暗合了制度要求。当代中国,要推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,就必然要求应当认真对待上访,将上访问题法治化。

Some people think that the contemporary China are preference to petition,because it is influenced by the traditional culture. The petition has existed in ancient China, but in the ancient China was not developed. Moreover, the reason for the existence of petition system in ancient Chinese is administrative and judicial confusion, the petition is equivalent to today＇s appeal. Contemporary Chinese are preference to petition,the most direct reason is the supply defects of national governance system. First, the public interests expression mechanism is not smooth; second, the judicial rights safeguard is difficult; third, the policy of the reverse encourage the petition to imply the system requirements. In contemporary Chinese, to promote the national governance system and governance capacity modernization must treat seriously petition and the petition problem must be legalization.