基于岩石物理模型的页岩油储层各向异性研究（英文）

Research on anisotropy of shale oil reservoir based on rock physics model

针对沾化凹陷罗家地区泥页岩进行岩石物理建模,在Backus平均理论中引入粘土矿物压实指数,考虑粘土定向排列引起的各向异性,由Chapman多尺度理论考虑裂缝系统引起的各向异性。根据储层物性特征,以水平缝为主控因素开发基于模型的反演算法,计算裂缝密度和各向异性参数。结果表明,反演的水平裂缝密度与岩心实测的水平渗透率有很好的正相关性,说明裂缝密度可作为渗透率的有效指示参数,同时也表明研究层段泥页岩的裂缝密度与粘土和石英等陆源碎屑含量呈负相关,而与碳酸盐岩含量呈正相关。同时,裂缝的存在使得纵波各向异性大于横波各向异性,裂缝密度与纵波各向异性参数呈明显正相关,而粘土含量与横波各向异性具有明显正相关性。这充分证明了岩石物理建模方法与裂缝反演技术的有效性。

Rock physics modeling is implemented for shales in the Luojia area of the Zhanhua topographic depression. In the rock physics model, the clay lamination parameter is introduced into the Backus averaging theory for the description of anisotropy related to the preferred alignment of clay particles, and the Chapman multi-scale fracture theory is used to calculate anisotropy relating to the fracture system. In accordance with geological features of shales in the study area, horizontal fractures are regarded as the dominant factor in the prediction of fracture density and anisotropy parameters for the inversion scheme. Results indicate that the horizontal fracture density obtained has good agreement with horizontal permeability measured from cores, and thus confirms the applicability of the proposed rock physics model and inversion method. Fracture density can thus be regarded as an indicator of reservoir permeability. In addition, the anisotropy parameter of the P-wave is higher than that of the S-wave due to the presence of horizontal fractures. Fracture density has an obvious positive correlation with P-wave anisotropy, and the clay content shows a positive correlation with S-wave anisotropy, which fully shows that fracture density has a negative correlation with clay and quartz contents and a positive relation with carbonate contents.