连续流微反应

The Continuous Flow Micro-Reaction

近几个世纪,传统釜式反应为我们解决了大量化工产品需求的问题。但其本身存在着很多的缺点,如安全隐患、环境污染、能源消耗巨大、占地面积大以及工艺放大困难等。连续流微反应以其高效的传质传热、精确控温控时、安全稳定、无放大效应以及反应的实时监控等优点,能很好地解决传统釜式反应存在的问题。本文对连续流微反应在最近五年的研究进展进行了概述,特别对连续流中的硝化反应、叠氮基丙烯酸酯的热解反应、格氏反应与类格氏反应、偶联反应、胺化反应、氧化还原反应、缩合反应、环化反应、多步骤反应及常用连续流微反应器进行了介绍。同时,对连续流微反应的优缺点进行了简要评述。

In recent centuries,the traditional tank reaction provides a large number of chemical products thermolysis of azidoacrylates. However, potential safety hazard, environmental pollution, huge energy consumption,huge site area and scale-up difficulties are the shortcomings. Continuous flow micro-reactor,with its high efficient heat transfer and mass transfer, accurate temperature control, security and stability, no amplification effect and the advantages of real-time monitoring,can solve the problems which existing in the traditional reaction. This review focuses on new findings in continuous flow micro-reaction in the last five years.The nitration reaction,thermolysis of azidoacrylates,Grignard and Grignard-type reactions,coupled reaction,amination reaction,oxidation and reduction reaction,condensation reaction,cyclization reaction,multistep reaction in flow condition and the continuous flow micro-reactors are introduced. Meanw hile,the potential strengths of the continuous flow micro-reaction as well as the w eaknesses are discussed.