两嵌段聚合物自组装微观形貌中的网状结构

Network Mesostructures in Self-Assembly of Diblock Copolymers and the Application

嵌段聚合物由于不同嵌段热力学不相容而形成微观相分离,进而发生自组装排列成规则有序的微观结构,其中网状结构是自组装微观结构中的复杂结构,具有令人瞩目的特性,在纳米科技领域应用价值极高,备受各国研究者的青睐。本文介绍了嵌段聚合物自组装原理和网状结构的特点,重点综述了两嵌段聚合物自组装结构中常见的三种网状结构的发展、制备方法以及在纳米科技中的应用,并指出当今网状结构的研究热点,预测该领域的发展趋势。

Block copolymers（ BCPs） have been attracting significant attentions owning to their wide industrial applications such as elastomer materials,optics,electronics,information,chemistry and biology in the past decades. The unique properties and materials performances of BCPs arise from their rich nanostructures. The chemistry difference between covalently bonded blocks leads to microphase separation and characteristic nanosized domains,which is a function of temperature,block composition and the degree of polymerization of blocks. The consequent self-assembly behavior displays rich ordered morphologies,which typically include sphere,cylinder, gyroid and lamellae. Among the mesostructures, network morphologies are especially interesting and useful because of their three-dimensionally co-continuous,interpenetrated meso-networks. Their character of high porosity and huge interface area generates practical merits in various applications such as outstanding mechanical anti-creep and high charge transport efficiency of optoelectronic devices. However,the rarely observed network morphologies of BCPs gain insufficient attentions. This review introduces fundamental principles of BCPs self-assembly and emphasizes the network morphologies of diBCPs. Three main types of network morphologies are discussed,including ordered bicontinuous double diamond（ OBDD）,double gyroid（ DG） and Fddd. It also reviews three kinds of network preparation methods that appear in recent literatures：precise synthesis of di BCPs with specific chemistry,order-order phase transition from other nanostructures,andblending with homopolymer. Several typical applications are also review ed. In the last part,the current research highlights are summarized and the future research directions of network mesosturctures are predicted.