草鱼(♀)×赤眼鳟(♂)杂交F_1与其亲本的肌肉特性比较研究

Comparative Study on Muscle Texture Between the Crossbreed F_1 Generation from Grass Carp( Ctenopharyngodon Idellus)( ♀) × Barbel Chub( Squaliobarbus Curriculus)( ♂) and Their Parents

为探讨草鱼(♀)×赤眼鳟(♂)杂交F_1的肉质特点,以同规格的草鱼(♀)×赤眼鳟(♂)杂交F_1和其亲本草鱼(母本)、赤眼鳟(父本)为材料,采用质构仪测定分析比较了三者肌肉质构特性,采用冷冻切片法和HE染色法统计分析比较了三者肌纤维数量和密度,采用实时荧光定量PCR的方法分析了与肉质特性关联紧密的钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白(CAST)基因、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白α1基因(COL1A1)和α2基因(COL1A2).在杂交F_1和亲本肌肉中的表达量.结果显示:杂交F_1与母本草鱼、父本赤眼鳟的肌肉黏附性、胶着性和回复性无显著性差异(P>0.05);杂交F_1的肌肉硬度、弹性、内聚性和咀嚼性均显著高于母本草鱼(P<0.05),与父本赤眼鳟无显著差异;杂交F_1的肌纤维直径和密度与其母本草鱼无显著差异(P>0.05),与其父本赤眼鳟差异显著(P<0.05);COL1A1和COL1A2两个基因在杂交F_1肌肉组织中的表达量显著高于其母本草鱼(P<0.05),而与其父本赤眼鳟无显著差异(P>0.05);CAST基因在杂交F_1肌肉组织中的表达量显著高于其母本草鱼(P<0.05),与其父本赤眼鳟无显著差异(P>0.05).

Objective：To explore the muscle texture of the crossbreed F1. Method： The female parent grass carp （ Ctenopharyngodon idellus） （ ♀ ） × Barbel chub （ Squaliobarbus curriculus） （ ♂ ） F1 （ crossbreedF1 ） as well as their parents at the same specification were used for our research. The texture analyzer, the freezing sectioning technology and hematoxylin-eosin staining method were used for muscle characterization and fiber diameter. In addition, the spatio-temporal expression of COL1A1, COL1A2, CAST genes were identified by RT-PCR. Our results show that hybrid Fl muscle fiber diameter is less than that of the female parent grass carp. By using the real-time PCR technology, we found that COL1A1, COL1A2 and CAST genes expressions in hybrid F1 muscle volume were slightly higher than the expression on grass carp muscle. Results： The muscle tenderness, cohesiveness, springiness and chewiness in crossbreed F1 is significantly better than those of grass carp （P 〈 0.05 ）. No significant difference was found for barbell chub. The muscle adhesiveness, gumminess and resilience had no significant difference in hybrid F1, grass carp and barbell chub （P 〉 0.05 ）. The muscle fiber diameter and density of cross- breed F1 when compared with grass carp had no significant difference （P 〉 0.05 ）. But they were significantly different when compared with barbell chub （P 〉 0.05）. The expression of COL1A1, COL1A2, CAST genes in crossbreed F1 was significantly higher than that grass carp （ P 〈 0.05 ）, but was no significantly different in comparison with barbell chub （P 〉 0.05 ）.