瞬时受体电位M2型离子通道在神经退行性病变和阿尔茨海默病病理学中的作用（英文）

Pathological role of transient receptor potential melastatin member 2 channel in neurodegenerative diseases and Alzheimer disease

神经退行性病变是一种可导致神经细胞渐进性退变或死亡的不可治愈性疾病。该疾病可诱发功能性运动障碍以及精神问题,比如痴呆。在诸多种类的神经退行性病变中,阿尔茨海默病占据最大比例。瞬时受体电位M2型(TRPM2)离子通道是一个可通过钙离子的非选择性阳离子通道。研究表明,TRPM2离子通道有可能通过不同路径(包括炎症路径)参与阿尔茨海默病的病理过程。本综述主要通过对TRPM2与Aβ、氧化应激以及钙离子之间关系的讨论,总结概括了TRPM2在阿尔茨海默病病理学中的作用,也对近期TRPM2药理学领域的研究进展进行了探讨,并对如何进一步研究TRPM2在阿尔茨海默病中的作用进行了展望。

Neurodegenerative diseases refer to incurable conditions that result in progressive degeneration or death of nerve cells. This causes functional movement deficits and cognitive problems such as dementias. Among different types of neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer disease （AD） accounts for majority of the cases. The transient receptor potential melastatin member 2 （TRPM2） channel is a Ca^2＋-permeable non-selective cation channel which has been studied and implicated in the pathological process of AD through different pathways including inflammation. This review summarizes the contribution of TRPM2 in AD pathology and recent advances in pharmacology of TRPM2, with a focus on relationships between β-amyloid, oxidative stress and Ca^2＋. We also discuss the potential future research direction for neurodegenerative diseases.