微波辅助涤纶织物表面亲水改性研究

Microwave-assisted Hydrophilic Modification of Polyester Surface

以乙二醇微波辅助醇解改性涤纶长丝织物(PET),赋予其良好的表面亲水性。研究催化剂的种类和用量、微波时间等工艺参数对醇解反应及PET表面亲水性的影响。结果表明:硫酸钠、硫酸锌催化效率低,PET失重率小于2%,Na OH催化醇解后PET失重率在10%左右,是理想的催化剂;改性后PET纤维表面粗糙,伴随出现凹槽;红外光谱在1713cm-1、1245cm-1和1096cm-1的酯键和-C-O-特征峰减弱;改性后PET的接触角大幅降低,亲水性显著提高,0.5%Na OH、微波处理120s时,PET表面接触角降低到23.8°,且液滴存在时间明显缩短(60 s测不到接触角);改性后PET力学性能有所下降。微波辅助醇解是一种高效的PET亲水改性方法,通过控制催化剂的用量和微波时间,可控制醇解反应的程度,兼顾PET固有性能和亲水性。

Glycol microwave-assisted alcoholysis under catalyst was used to the modified polyester fabric （PET） and endowed it with highly hydrophilic surface. The effect of technological parameters on alcoholysis reaction and PET surface hydrophilicity was studied. The technological parameters included the types and amount of catalyst and irradiation time. The results showed that catalysis efficiency of sodium sulfate and zinc sulfate was low and rate of weight loss was less than 2%, the rate of weight loss of PET with NaOH as catalyst was about 10%, which was the ideal catalyst; the modified PET were more swollen states with rough surface and etched grooves; the FTIR results revealed the intensity of absorption peaks of ester carbonyl （1713cm^-1）, and -C-O stretching （1245 cm^-1 and 1096 cm^-1） was decreased with the increasing of NaOH; the contact angle of modi- fied PET was dramatically reduced which reached to 23.8°（0. 5% NaOH and 120s irradiation time） and the existence time of droplet was obviously shortened which could not be observed after 60s, indicating the highly hydrophilic surface of PET; the strength of modified PET was decreased. Microwave-assisted aleoholysis is an efficient method for PET hydrophilic modification. By adopting the amount of catalyst and irradiation time, the level of alcoholysis reaction could be controlled and the PET inherent properties and hydrophilicity could also be balanted.