基于层次分析法构建东莞市古树名木健康评价体系

Establishment of Health Assessment System for Ancient and Famous Trees in Dongguan

文章从东莞市古树名木植株整体状况、树冠、树干和根部角度选取了树势、病虫害等14个评价指标,通过层次分析法确定各指标的权重,进行古树名木健康评价体系模型的构建。结果显示,权重值较高的3个指标分别是树势(0.192 3)、顶梢枯死(0.132 8)、内部腐烂和空洞(0.132 8),而权重值较低的指标是寄生(0.021 1)、根部损伤(0.021 1)和通气透水性(0.015 0);根据评价模型与评价方法,结合野外调查得出古树名木健康值,将古树名木健康等级分为5级。管理者可据此制定和调整与之相适应的古树名木养护措施,使古树名木发挥最大的生态与社会价值。

The construction of health assessment system for ancient and famous trees as well as the assessment model，the assessment methods and the assessment results were discussed in this paper. We used 14 indicators in terms of the general conditions, crown, trunk and root of tree, such as tree vigor, plant diseases or insect pests. Relative weight of the indicators was determined using the analytic hierarchy process（AHP）. Results of the assessment model indicated that tree vigor（0.1923）, crown dieback（0.1328）, decay and cavity of branch tissues（0.1328） were the most important factors, whereas parasitism（0.0211）, root hazard（0.0211）, and root permeability（0.0150） were less important. Based on the field investigation, the assessment model and the assessment methods, we obtained the health conditions value （A） and fitness levels. Health status can help tree managers to establish and adjust relative tending and maintenance measures to acquire the best benefits.