动态的身体:身体-身体化--海德格尔《泽利康讲座》中的身体现象学

Dynamic Body and Bodying forth:Heidegger's Phenomenology of Body in the Zollikon Seminars

海德格尔在《存在与时间》中刻意隐藏了身体问题,这一做法招致了许多人的猜疑与批评:为什么身体问题要被排除在基础存在论分析之外?难道身体问题在《存在与时间》这本著作中根本不值得考虑?从1959年到1969年间,海德格尔在瑞士泽利康(Zollikon)做了一系列讲座,集中处理了身体问题。通过对这些文本的解读,我们发现身体问题在《存在与时间》中并非不重要,只是对这一问题的解决总是被一个重大困难所牵绊,这个困难就是存在问题与身体问题之间的张力。在讲座中,海德格尔颠倒了胡塞尔身体现象学中的两个重要观点,即在谈论空间性时,他颠倒了"这里"的优先性;在谈论身体性时,他颠倒了触觉的首要性。在这一基础上,海德格尔提出了一种动态的身体概念:身体化。

It is well known that the problem of body is absent,in a mysterious way,from the project of the analytic of Dasein in Heidegger's Sein und Zeit. This approach suffers some criticism,the question on everybody's lip is why is the body avoided in the fundamental ontology. Is the problem of body of such little importance for the ontological constitution of Dasein's being in Sein und Zeit? From 1959 until1969,Heidegger gave a series of lectures in Zollikon,the transcriptions of these lectures was published as the Zollikon Seminars. In these seminars Heidegger approached a few times the problem of body. By reading the text,we find that the problem of body is also important in Sein und Zeit,but the tension between the problem of being and the problem of body obstructed Heidegger in putting the problem of body in the core of Dasein's analytic. There are two inversions that Heidegger operates in relation to Husserl,by this way,Heidegger recovers the foundation of phenomenology of body.