泰安新建苹果园杂草种类及优势种群调查

Investigation of Weed Species and Dominant Population in Newly Planted Apple Orchards in Tai'an

采用随机取样方法对泰安宽行密植模式下新建苹果园杂草种类及优势种群进行了调查。结果表明,该地区有杂草22种,隶属于12个科,21个属。其中以菊科杂草种类最多,为5种,占总杂草种类的22.72%。十字花科和禾本科次之,各3种,分别占13.64%。通过比较田间均度和密度发现,禾本科杂草均居第一位。马唐、狗尾草、藜、小蓟、小旋花5种杂草为苹果园杂草优势种群,尤其是马唐,田间均度达71.90%,密度达27.44株·m^(-2),远高于其他杂草种类。对果园杂草进行了栽培学分类发现,22种杂草中,无害杂草8种,轻度危害杂草7种,重度危害杂草7种。

The study was ean＇ied out to investigate weed species and dominant population used the random sampling method in newly planted apple orchards with wide-row close planting mode in Tai＇an. The results showed that there were 22 species in the apple orchards, and they belonged to 12 families, 21 genera. Asteraceae species was more than others and it was a total of 5 species, account- ing for 22.72%. Brassicaeeae and Gramineae species took the second place and they were a total of 3 species, accounting for 13.64%, respectively. By comparing the equal and density degree was found that Gramineae species occupied first place, and D. s（,zguinalis （L.） Seop., S. viridis （L.） Beauv., C. album L., C. setosum （Willd,） MB. and C. hederacea Wall. were the dominant population in newly planted apple re＇chards, and the D. sanguinalis （L.） Stop. was more than other species, the equal and density degree was 71.90% and 27.44 plants-m-2. We classified the 22 kinds of weeds according to the harm degree to fruit trees, and found that the harmless weeds were 8, lightly harmful weeds were 7, and the seriously harmful weeds were 7.