慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者生存质量调查及影响因素分析

Analysis of the status and influencing factors of quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的了解慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的生存质量及相关影响因素。方法采用WHO生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)中文版对湛江市3所医院250例COPD患者进行问卷调查,分析影响患者生存质量的因素。结果 250份问卷共回收有效合格问卷237份,回收率为94.80%。生理、心理、社会关系及环境领域的生存质量评分分别为(59.57±15.73)、(56.99±13.01)、(64.28±14.82)、(58.70±11.53)分,综合健康状况自我评分为(74.97±12.61)分。男性患者生理、心理、社会关系和环境领域生存质量得分均高于女性;文化程度较高者社会关系领域生存质量得分高于文化程度较低者;收入水平较高者生理、心理、社会关系和环境领域生存质量得分高于收入水平较低者;疾病严重程度越高者,生理、心理、社会关系和环境领域生存质量得分越低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,性别、月收入水平和疾病严重程度是综合健康自我评分的影响因素。结论 COPD患者的生存质量受到性别、收入水平、文化程度、疾病严重程度等多方面因素的影响,应加强健康教育,注重个性化护理,提高患者的生存质量。

Objective To understand the quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）,and to analyze the influencing factors for their quality of life. Methods A total of 250 patients with COPD from 3 hospitals in Zhanjiang City were investigated by using the Chinese Scale Of World Health Organization（WHOQOL-BREF）, and the influencing factors for quality of their life were analysed,as well. Results A total of 237 qualified questionnaires were reclaimed out of 250 questionnaires, and the response rate was 94.80 %. Scores of physiological aspect, psychological aspect, social relation, environmental condition and comprehensive health self evaluation were （59.57 ± 15.73）, （56.99 ±13.01）, （64.28 ±14. 82）, （58. 70± 11.53） and （74. 97 ± 12.61）, respectively. The scores of quality of life in the physiological aspect, psychological aspect, social relation and environmental condition of male patients with COPD were higher than those of the female^the scores of quality of life in the social relation in pa- tients with higher education level were higher than that in patients with lower education level, the scores of quality of life in the physiological aspect, psychological aspect, social relation and environmental condition in patients with higher income level were high- er than those in patients with lower income level the disease severity was higher, the scores of quality of life in the physiological as- pect,psychological aspect, social relation and environmental condition were lower, all had statistically significant differences （P〈 0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that sex,monthly income level and disease severity were the influence factors of quality of life self evaluation in COPD patients. Conclusion The quality of life in patients with COPD might be influenced by sex,income level,level of education and disease severity. It is necessary to strengthen the health education, pay attention to personalized care and improve the quality of life of patients with COPD.