确权确股不确地的理论内涵、制度约束与对策建议——基于广东省珠三角两区一市的案例分析

Theoretical connotation, institution constraints and the suggestions on the land rights confirmation, land equity confirmation and land plots disconfirmation——A case study on the two districts and one city of Zhujiang Delta Area in Guangdong Province

开展确权登记颁证是稳定和完善农村土地承包关系的重要基础性工作。在确权方式上,存在确权确地和确权确股不确地两种形式。土地承包经营权转化为股权有着特殊的变迁机理,也被赋予了不同的产权内涵。土地股权是一种剩余索取权,还是一种准按份共有的用益物权,在理论上尚未达成共识,也制约了确权实践的开展。本文在明晰确股本质属性和优劣势的基础上,通过对广东省南海区、顺德区以及中山市确股案例的考察,深入分析确权确股不确地面临的制度约束条件,提出了相关建议。

To carry out the land registration certification is an important foundation work to stabilize and improve the rural land contract relations. Land rights confirmation has long existed in two forms for a long time, i.e. land rights confirmation and land plots confirmation. The second one refers to land rights confirmation, land equity rights confirmation and land plots disconfirmation. The transfer of land contract and management rights to equity has a special change mechanism and gives the land equity rights different property connotation. Land equity right is a residual claim or quasi co-ownership usufruct which has not yet reached a consensus in theory, and also restricts the process of land rights confirmation. On the basis of clarifying the essential attribute and the merits and disadvantages of land equity rights confirmation, and considering the case of land equity rights confirmation in Nanhai District, Shunde District and Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, we make a deep analysis on the institutional constraints of land rights confirmation, land share rights confirmation and land plots disconfirmation, and puts forward relevant suggestions.