农民工返乡创业绩效的影响因素研究

A study on the factors influencing the performance of entrepreneurship of peasant workers who return back to their hometown

在"大众创业、万众创新"时代,农民工返乡创业已成为实现农村劳动力转移就业、新型城镇化和新型农业现代化全面协调可持续发展的重要路径。本文通过对693个返乡农民工调查数据的实证分析,研究了农民工创业绩效的影响因素及其区域差异。对个人特征影响效应的实证检验发现,男性和已婚农民工的创业绩效较高,中部地区有子女农民工的创业绩效较低,而西部地区年龄较大的农民工相比中部地区获得较低的创业绩效。对人力资本特征影响效应的实证检验发现,务工时间对创业绩效具有显著的正向影响,拥有创业经验的农民工更易获得较高创业绩效,但其影响效应存在明显的区域差异。中部地区拥有大专及以上学历的农民工更易获得较高创业绩效,而西部地区拥有初中学历的农民工更易获得较高创业绩效。对政策资源影响效应的实证检验发现,获得政府资助和银行贷款的农民工更易获得较高的创业绩效。

At the times of ＂mass entrepreneurship and innovation＂, the entrepreneurship of peasant workers who return back to their hometown has become an important path for the all-round coordinated consistent development of the employment of rural labor transfer, new urbanization and new rural modernization. Through the empirical analysis on the investigation data of 693 peasant workers, this paper studies the factors influencing the performance of entrepreneurship of peasant workers and regional differences. The empirical test on the effects of the influences of individual characteristics shows that the performance is better for the male and married workers, those who have children in the middle areas perform worse and that the older ones in the west areas perform worse when compared with those in the middle part. Empirical test on the influence effects of the characteris- tics of human capital finds that the working time has significant positive impact on their performance, and that those with entre- preneurship experiences would get better performance more easily, but their influence effects show obvious regional difference. It is easier for the peasant workers who have college degree or better degrees to achieve higher performance, while it is also easier for those whose education experience ends in junior middle school in the west areas. The empirical test on the influence effects of policy resources finds that those who get government support and bank loan will perform better.