重症急性放射病防治新药研究进展

New drugs for treatment of severe acute radiation sickness:research advances

通过半个多世纪的努力,急性放射病防治药物研究已取得极大进展。研究发现,粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)、粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、血小板生成素(TPO)、白细胞介素-12、细菌鞭毛蛋白衍生物、5-雄甾烯二醇、二丙酸倍氯米松、维生素E及其衍生物、金雀异黄素(染料木素)等均具有明显的辐射防护作用,尤其是G-CSF等细胞因子的辐射防护作用更为突出。本文就近年来在大动物模型上评价疗效或已装配成"核事故应急处理药箱"的化合物或生物制剂对重度以上骨髓型重症急性放射病的防护效果及其研究进展作一综述。

Through efforts of several generations over the past half century,great advances have been achieved in the development of radiation countermeasures for the acute radiation sickness（ARS）. Convergent studies have disclosed numerous radioprotectants with significant radioprotective efficacy which include granulocyte colony stimulating factor（G-CSF）,granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor（GM-CSF）,thrombopoietin（TPO）,interleukin-12,derivatives of the bacterial flagellin,androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol（AED）,beclomethasone 17,21-dipropionate（BDP）,vitamin E（and its）derivatives,and genistein. particularly,the two growth factors G-CSF and TPO show greater radioprotective effects. In this paper,we summarize the radioprotective effects of compounds or biological agents on severe ARS（SARS）,which have been evaluated in large animal models or assembled into a nuclear accident emergency treatment medicine box,and review their research advances in recent years.