二人台《方四姐》考

An Examination of the Duel Song Weaving Sister Four

二人台《方四姐》吸收了流传于各地诸多不同方四姐故事的版本,形成了自己独具特色的剧本。而在不同的版本中均有一个相同的"方四姐"形象,即勤劳、善良、擅长纺织的不幸儿媳,所以"方四姐"实为"纺四姐"。其实,在中国传统文化中男女相爱却因婆媳关系引发的婚姻悲剧的故事中女子多擅长纺织,因为只有"善纺"才能典型地刻画出女子勤劳、正面的形象,以此衬托公婆之可恨与无端遣妇的可恶。因此方四姐的故事是从中国古代文学文化中脱胎出的故事,而在此类故事中以《孔雀东南飞》最为典型。

The duel song Weaving Elder Sister Four forms its unique version by combining various versions with the same name prevailing in different places concerning the different stories of Weaving Elder Sister Four. However, different versions have the same role of heroine--the same elder sister called Sister Four with the last name Fang, who is industrious, good. and good at weaving but a misfortune daughter-in-law; thus, Elder Sister Four is also actually called ＂Spinning Fourth Elder Sister＂. In fact, women in Chinese traditional culture were generally good at weaving in the stories of marriage tragedies caused by the bad relationship between a mother-in-law and a daughter-in-law. Actually, only by this style of writing the hardworking woman can be typically depicted, thus emphasizing the negative image of the damned mother-in-law. Therefore, the story of Spinning Fourth Elder Sister originated from ancient Chinese literature and culture, with its most typical story of such a kind--The Peacock Flying Southeast.