语法转喻视域下英语静态谓语祈使构式研究

Grammatical Metonymy Approach to Imperatives with Stative Predicates

作为一种普遍存在的种行动构式,静态谓词构成的特殊祈使构式中构式义与词汇义产生冲突。本文从语法转喻理论探讨静态谓词祈使句构式的认知动因和语用功效。研究表明,静态谓词祈使构式通过构式压制抵消构式义与词汇义不相容关系,并且通过单次转喻操作模型、转喻链操作模型和隐喻或语境复杂转喻操作模型实现认知识解。静态谓词祈使句构式在言语交际中可实施简省功能、缓和功能及明示功能。

As a pervasive action construction,imperatives expressed by stative/non-actional predicates contain conflicts between constructional meaning and lexical meaning.This paper,under the frame of grammatical metonymy,explored the special imperative constructions which lead by stative predicates.The research findings are：the conflicts between constructional meaning and lexical meaning are resolved through coercion;the understanding and generating progress of the imperatives expressed by stative predicates call for metonymic operating systems,like one metonymy operating model,metonymic chain operating mode or complicated metonymy operating model with metaphor or context;these special imperative constructions embrace a set of pragmatic functions：mitigation,ostension and abbreviation.