考虑行人异质性的地铁站楼梯通行能力仿真模型

A Capacity Simulation Model of Stairway in Subway Station Considering Pedestrian Heterogeneity

当前针对地铁站楼梯通行能力的研究中,均将行人视为不区分个体特征的同质行人.但在现实场景中,行人是具有异质性的不同个体.本文针对这一问题,引入异质行人概念,通过分析地铁站楼梯的实测数据,将行人划分为结伴行人、快速行人和普通行人3类.据此构建了楼梯通行能力仿真模型——改进场域模型,并在同质和异质2种行人构成条件下验证了仿真模型的有效性.最后针对行人空间占用不同、速度不同、空间占用和速度均不同3种情况分别进行仿真,仿真结果表明,楼梯通行能力并非定值,其随异质行人构成比例的变化而变化,行人异质性对楼梯通行能力有重要的影响.

Pedestrians are regarded as homogeneous ones without their own individual characteristics in the current study on the capacity of subway stairways. But actually, pedestrians are different individuals with heterogeneous characteristics. Due to the lack of the research on this issue, this paper classifies persons into pedestrians in pairs, fast ones and common ones by introducing the concept of heterogeneous pedestrian and analyzing the observed data of the subway station stairway. Then the improved floor field model, a capacity simulation model of stairway is presented. We validate the precisions of the proposed model under the conditions of homogeneous and heterogeneous pedestrians. At last, three situations are simulated and analyzed based on different space occupied, different speed, different space occupied and speed respectively. The results show that the capacity of stairway is not a constant value and it changes with different component proportions of heterogeneous pedestrians. The heterogeneity of pedestrian has an important influence on the capacity of the stairway.