农村面源污染市场防治机制问题及对策研究——以湖北梁子湖地区为例

Problems and Countermeasures on Market Mechanisms of Control: The Rural Area Non-Point Pollution in China

随着我国经济的发展,面源污染尤其是农村面源污染已成为我国农村水环境污染的重要来源。农村面源污染问题在理论上存在公共产品理论、外部性理论和公地悲剧理论三个理论基础。实践中,我国农村面源污染存在市场防治法律规定不完善、市场防治机制手段单一、采取的现有市场防治机制无法满足民众需求等问题。为有效防治农村面源污染,保障农村环境的可持续发展,提出制定经济激励制度、综合采取多种农村面源污染市场防治手段、贯彻落实市场防治制度措施,以满足农户环保行为需求的创新性对策建议。

Along with the development of our economy, non-point source pollution, especially the rural non-point source pollution has become an important source of water pollution in rural area in China. In terms of theory on rural non-point source pollution problem, there are three theoretical basis： public product theory, externality theory, and theory of the tragedy of the commons. In practice, there are lots of problems in our rural area, such as incomplete market control laws, the single market mechanism of prevention and governance and the existing market mechanism unable to meet the demand of people. Finally, this paper puts forward a series of constructive suggestion： to establish the economic incentive systems, to take comprehensive market control methods and implement the market prevention and control measures, in order to effectively prevent and control of rural non-point source pollution, and guarantee the sustainable development of our rural environment.