九亭镇中老年居民颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成相关危险因素调查

The Investigation of the Risk Factors of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation in Elderly Residents in Jiuting area

目的通过描述上海九亭地区居颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的相关危险因素进行调查与分析。方法采取横断面研究方式。调查上海九亭地区在社区卫生服务中心进行体检的498名40～70岁居民进行血压、血脂、血糖、BMI、彩超颈动脉粥样硬化斑块（CAS）检测,统计498名研究对象的性别、糖尿病、高脂血症、高血压、体重指数（BMI）、吸烟及饮酒习惯等。对结果进行统计学分析。结果 498名纳入研究的体检居民中,其中男性261例,女性237例,有颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成294例。总患病率为59.04%。年龄与患病率相关分析呈显著正相关。阳性组中人群吸烟、血压、血糖、和血脂较阴性组高,两组比较,P〈0.05,差异有统计学意义,且显示同时出现3项或以上危险因素人群患病率明显增高。而在饮酒方面两组中人群比较,P〉0.05,差异无统计学意义。结论社区中老年人群颈动脉粥样硬化患病率随着年龄的增长而增加,与吸烟、BMI、高血压、高血糖和高血脂等因素相关。应在社区人群中开展颈动脉粥样硬化防治知识宣传及危险因素干预,做到早期预防。

Objective To investigate and analyze the relative risk factors of carotid atherosclerotic plaque formation in elderly residents in Jiutingarea. Methods To investigate 498 patients aged 40-70 who has detected the blood pressure, blood lipid, blood glucose, BMI and color Doppler ultrasound carotid atherosclerotic plaque（CAS） in Jiutingarea,Shanghai by using cross sectional study. To statistics the gender, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, body mass index（BMI）, smoking and drinking habits, etc. of 498 cases by using the form of questionnaireand then to analyze the results statistically. Results There were 294 cases of carotid atherosclerosis plaque formation in 498 cases included in the study of physical examination.There were 261 men and 237 women among them. The total prevalence rate was 59.04%. Age was significantly positively correlated with the prevalence of the disease. In the positive group, smoking, blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid were higher than those in the negative group.There was statistically significant difference between the two groups, P〈0.05.The prevalence of three or more risk factors was significantly higher in the same time. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in drinking,P〈0.05. Conclusion The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in elderly people in the community increased with age and was associated with smoking, BMI, hypertension, high blood glucose and high blood lipids and other factors. To early prevention, knowledge and risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis prevention should be carried out in community population.