盐城市社区老年人健康素养调查

Survey on Health Literacy of Old Persons in the Community of Yancheng City

目的通过现况调查,了解盐城市社区老年人健康素养水平,分析其健康素养现状及影响因素,为制定大范围、大规模的健康素养干预方案与健康教育策略和标准提供参考依据。方法整群随机抽取盐城市年龄60周岁以上的老年人400名作为调查对象。该调查所用的问卷是《2009中国公民健康素养调查问卷》。结果调查显示,仅5.75%的盐城市社区老年人具备健康素养;三个方面素养从低到高依次为:健康生活方式与行为8.75%,健康基本技能15.5%,健康基本知识与理念17.75%;五类健康素养从低到高依次为:传染病预防素养7.25%,慢性病预防素养10.25%,安全和急救素养15.75%,基本医疗素养20.25%,科学健康观36.5%。文化程度、职业、是否从事医疗卫生工作、家庭平均月收入是健康素养的重要影响因素。结论盐城市社区老年人健康素养水平处于较低水平,要提高老年人尤其是文化程度低、家庭平均月收入低老年人的健康素养。

Objective To understand old persons＇ health literacy in the commnity of Yancheng City in cross-sectional survey,analyze its status and influencing factors,provide references for making wide-range,large-scale intervention plan of health literacy and health education strategy and standard.Methods 400 old persons aged between 60 and 80 were selected as participants randomly by multi-stage sample designs involving stratification and cluster sampling.2009 Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire was applied in this study.Results The survey showed that 5.75% the aged possessed health literacy in the community in Yancheng.Three aspects of health literacy were ranked from high to low as follows：basic knowledge and idea about health（17.75%）,basic skill about health（15.5%）,life style and behavior about health（8.75%）;five kinds of health literacy from high to low as follows：scientific health literacy（36.5%）,basic health literacy（20.25%）,safety and emergency literacy（15.75%）,chronic disease prevention literacy（10.25%）,infectious disease prevention literacy（7.25%）.Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of education,occupation,carry on medical and health work or not,family average monthly income were important influencing factors.Conclusion The old persons＇ health literacy in the community in Yancheng is at lower level,it is important to improve their health literacy,especially those who are ill-educated and poor monthly income.Interactive lecture plays an effective role in improving old persons＇ health literacy.