乳腺良性病变的组织学分型及其乳腺癌风险

Histologic types of benign breast disease and the risk of breast cancer

某些组织学类型的乳腺良性病变增加乳腺癌的风险。乳腺良性病变组织学上分为非增生性病变、增生性病变伴或不伴有非典型增生型。伴有异型增生的增生型病变有很高的恶变风险,其次是不伴有非典型增生的增生型病变。一般来讲,非增生性病变而且无乳腺癌家族史与普通人群一样并不增加乳腺癌风险;然而,一些复杂组织学类型,如不伴有异型增生的硬化性腺病、放射性瘢痕及乳头状瘤是否增加恶变风险尚不明确。

Some histologic types of benign breast disease （BBD） increase the risk of breast cancer. Histologically BBD are classified into nonproliferative and proliferative disease with and without atypia. The risk is higher in women with proliferative disease with atypia followed by those with proliferative disease without atypia. Generally women with nonproliferative disease and without a family history of breast cancer have no elevation in breast cancer risk compared with women of similar age from the general population. However, it is less clear whether histologie entities such as complex sclerosing adenosis, radial scar, and papilloma are associated with increased risk in the absence of atypical hyperplasia.