窦卵泡数与多囊卵巢综合征相关因素的研究进展

Progress of correlation between antral follicle count and the related factors of polycystic ovary syndrome

多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS）是育龄期女性常见的一种内分泌疾病,是导致女性不孕的常见原因。PCOS患者典型的超声学表现为卵巢多囊样改变（polycystic ovary morphology,PCOM）,即：单侧或双侧卵巢2~9mm的卵泡数≥12个,和/或卵巢体积（ovarian volume,OV）〉10ml。PCOS患者中关于窦卵泡数（antral follicle count,AFC）研究聚焦在PCOM定义中卵泡数的截断值上,但目前国际上对PCOM定义仍采纳2003年Rotterdam标准。PCOM形成机制仍未明确,可能与高雄激素及抗苗勒管激素（anti müllerian hormone,AMH）影响相关。PCOS患者的AFC与月经周期长短、雄激素、LH/FSH值、代谢感染指标存在相关性。PCOS患者30岁前AFC减少速度较正常人群慢,但在30岁以后与正常人群减少速度一样。

Polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） is a common endocrine disorder, which causes infertility in women with reproductive age. The typical ultrasound finding of PCOS is polycystic ovary morphology （PCOM）,presenting of≥12 follicles with 2-9 mm diameters in unilateral or bilateral ovary, and/or ovarian volume （OV）〉10 ml. The researches of antral follicle count （AFC） in PCOS patients focus on the cut-off value of AFC in PCOM define. However,the current international PCOM definition is still adopted the Rotterdam criteria in 2003. The formation mechanism of PCOM is still unknown, and it may related to the influence of hyperandrogenism and anti-mullerian hormone （AMH） level. There were some correlations between AFC and menstrual cycle length, androgen level, ratio of LH/FSH, metabolic and infection markers in PCOS. AFC decreases slowly in PCOS patients before 30 years old than normal women,but as same as normal women after 30 years old.