宁夏盐池县风沙区聚落的人居环境荷载评价

An evaluation of human settlement load in the sandy area of Yanchi County of Ningxia Autonomous Region

为了解沙区人居环境状况,衡量区域人居环境荷载水平,依据人居环境科学导论,以盐池县北部风沙区的聚落为研究对象,以"人"为核心,从聚落的生产空间、生态空间、生活空间3方面对其人居环境荷载进行评价。结果表明:1)研究区聚落人居环境的生产空间、生态空间均以中等荷载为主,生活空间以低等荷载为主;2)聚落的人居环境荷载可划分为低、中、高3个等级,其分别占区域面积的32.1%,39.7%,28.2%。该研究在一定程度上探明了沙区人居环境荷载能力,研究区高等聚落人居环境荷载面积较少,整体人居环境荷载能力较低,需加强人居环境管理,整体提高聚落人居环境荷载水平,以保障沙区人居环境安全,同时也为当地资源合理配置、沙化治理、水土保持及聚落格局优化提供借鉴意义。

[ Background] Settlement is the most direct expression of people＇s quality of life, physical and mental health, and the studies on the human settlement load （HSL） in China have been focused on loess hilly region, southern river basin, and southwest China, but very few on the sandy areas yet. Thus we here try to analyze the situation of human settlement in sandy area and measure the level of regional HSL. E Methods] We evaluated the HSL from the production space, ecological space and living space in the sandy area of the northern Yanchi County in a human-oriented way. Firstly, based on introduction to sciences of human settlements, we constructed HSL index system and determined the index weight, in which analytic hierarchy analysis process （AHP） and weight sum were used. Secondly, using the progressive hierarchical merging method, we figured out the same criterion layer of the index with weight sum method and calculated the index of production space load, ecological space load, living space load. Finally, using ArcGIS to overlay HSL of production space, ecological space, and living space layer, we classified the comprehensive index of HSL. [ Resuits] 1 ） The HSL can be divided into 3 levels： low,which accounted for 32.1% , medium for 39.7% , and high for 28.2%. 2） In the same pattern, the production space can be divided into 3 levels： low, which accounted for 20. 1% , medium for 62.5% , and high for 17.4% ; and the ecological space into 3 levels： low, which accounted for 34.2% , medium for 43.4% and high for 22.4% ; also the living space into 3 levels： low, which accounted for 56% , medium for 10.2% and high for 33.8%; thus, the production space and ecological space were dominated by medium load, while the living space was dominated by low load. [ Conclusions] As a whole, the natural environmental quality in the study area was too poor to meet the demand of human habitation. Our analysis of the I-ISL proved the bearing capacity of the human settlement and indicated that the overall HSL capacity was relatively low. This result suggested that effective measures must be taken to improve the level of HSL in order to ensure the safety of human settlement in this area. Meanwhile, it provides useful guidance for natural resources allocation, desertification governance, soil and water conservation, and optimization of settlement pattern in the sandy area of northern Yanchi.