壳聚糖季铵盐的制备及其降尘性能研究

Study on preparation of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and its dust suppression performance

以壳聚糖为原料,对其季铵化改性制备了一种新型煤矿用环保降尘剂。主要包括单体3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CTA)的合成与壳聚糖季铵盐(HTCC)的制备。通过单因素试验研究了反应时间、反应温度、碱用量、单体配比等因素对HTCC降尘率的影响,并采用正交实验确定了最佳的工艺合成条件为:m(Na OH)/m(CTA)=1.2,m(CTA)/m(CTS)=3.5,60℃下反应10 h;用IR、XRD表征了HTCC。当HTCC投加量为0.4 g/L,p H=6、温度25℃时,煤尘去除率达到最大约为94.6%,在降尘领域中有着良好的应用前景。

A new environmental dust suppression agent for coal mine was prepared by using chitosan as raw material,which was modified by quaternary ammonium. The synthesis of monomer 3- Chloro- 2- hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride（ CTA） and the preparation of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt（ HTCC） were mainly discussed. The influence of some factors including reaction time,reaction temperature,alkali dosage and monomer ratio on the dust suppression rate of HTCC were studied through single factor test,and the optimal synthetic conditions were m（ Na OH） / m（ CTA） = 1. 2,m（ CTA） /m（ CTS） = 3. 5,the reaction time of 10 h under the reaction temperature of 60 ℃,which were determined by using orthogonal experiments. The HTCC was characterized by IR and XRD. When the dosing quantity of HTCC is 0. 4 g / L,p H =6 and the temperature is 25 ℃,the dust suppression rate reached the maximum value as 94. 6%. It has good application prospect in dust suppression field.