PICC和CVC置管维护改进的实施效果分析

Analysis of implementation effect of maintenance and improvement of PICC and CVC

[目的]探讨改进后的经外周导入中心静脉置管(PICC)和经锁骨上或下静脉置管(CVC)维护方法的效果。[方法]采用对照研究法,将2013年6月—2014年5月放疗病区行PICC和CVC置管的300例病人设为对照组,2014年6月—2015年5月放疗病区行PICC和CVC的462例病人设为实验组,对照组采用常规置管后维护法,实验组采用改进后的置管后维护,比较两组病人置管后并发症发生情况以及管道留置时间。[结果]实验组血栓、堵管、静脉炎发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组颈内静脉CVC和PICC平均留置时间均短于实验组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]实施改进后的PICC和CVC置管维护方法可减少并发症发生率,适当延长导管留置时间。

Objective：To probe into the effect of improved maintenance method for the peripheral venipuncture import center（PICC）and the central venous catheter（CVC）.Methods：By using the case-control study,300 patients with PICC and CVC in the radiotherapy area from June 2013 to May 2014 were taken as the control group,another 462 patients with PICC and CVC in the radiotherapy area from June 2014 to May 2015 were taken as the experimental group.In the control group,the routine maintenance method was adopted.And in the experimental group the improved maintenance method was adopted.Then the complications and the indwelling time between both groups were compared.Results：The incidences of thrombosis,blocking pipe and phlebitis in experimental group were less than those in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（χ2=4.68,P=0.03;χ2=12.01,P〈0.01;χ2=8.88,P〈0.01）.The average retention time of Internal jugular vein CVC and PICC was less than that in experimental group,and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：The improved PICC and CVC catheter maintenance methods reduced the incidence of complications and extended the catheter time appropriately.