论技术对教育的影响:创客时代的新视角

On the Impact of Technology on Education:A New Perspective from the Maker Era

作为与自然过程相区别的人类活动过程,技术不仅改造了自然,而且塑造了人类自身。作为一种有计划地塑造自身的活动,教育本身也是一种技术,通常称为"教育技术",即传授知识与技能的过程和资源,或"学习过程与资源"。"教育技术"所依赖的技术称为"教育中的技术",包括自然技术、信息通讯技术、社交礼仪技术三种类型。长期以来,人们将关注点放在信息通讯技术方面,创客运动的兴起有助于改变这一状况。随着"基于制造的学习"得到越来越多的采用,观察与测量工具、实验器材、工业制造工具、手工制作工具等"自然技术"将与信息通讯技术一起,在教育中发挥越来越重要的作用。

As a process of human activities different ~om natural process, the technology not only changes the nature, but also shapes the humans. As an activity which shapes human beings designedly, education itself is also a kind of technology, often referred to as ＂educational technology＂, which is the imparting knowledge and skills, or the learning process and resources. The education technology actually refers to the technologies in education, including natural technology, information communication technology and social etiquette technology. For a long time, people have been focusing on the information and communication technology. The rise of the Maker Era helps to change the situation. With more and more application of ＂learning based on manufacturing＂, natural technologies such as the observation and measurement tools, test equipment, industrial manufacturing tools and handmade tools will collaborate with information communication technology so as to play a more and more important role in education.