近代汉语“VOV得C”重动句的类别、来源及历时演变

The types,origins and diachronic evolution of the verb-copying construction “VOVde(得)C” in early Mandarin

近代汉语"VOV得C"重动句产生于宋代,它并非为了替代某种句式才产生,而是有着独立的来源和发展路径。该句式可分为四种类型,各类型的来源与产生时代、产生途径、后续发展都有所不同。其来源结构主要有话题结构、连动式、纵予复句和"要/欲VO+V得C"等,其产生是跨小句语法化的结果。明清时期随着该句式发展成熟,"VO"大都由复合词充当,句式的语法化程度也不断增强。

This paper argues that the emergence of the verb-copying construction 'VOVde( 得) C' in the Song Dynasty is not a replacement for some certain constructions, and it has its own origins and evolutional paths. Theconstruction can be classified into four types and each type differs in the origin, evolutional mechanism and path. Through the grammaticalization across clauses, it evolves from topic structures, serial verb constructions,concessive complex sentences and the construction 'yao( 要) / yu( 欲) +VO+Vde( 得) C'. With the maturity of the construction in the Ming and Qing dynasty, the level of the grammaticalization also increases and the 'VO' in the construction are mainly restricted to the compound words.