伴视网膜脱离的中度与高度近视周边视网膜变性的比较

A comparative study of the peripheral retinal degeneration between moderate and high myopia with retinal detachment

目的比较伴视网膜脱离的中度近视者与高度近视者周边视网膜变性的发生情况。方法对近视伴视网膜脱离手术166例（167只眼）进行分析，按近视屈光度分为两组：A组为高度近视（-6．25D及以上）伴视网膜脱离组，117例（117只眼）；B组为中度近视（-3．00D～-6．00D）伴视网膜脱离组，49例（50只眼）。均在三面镜下和玻璃体切除术中对周边视网膜进行详细检查。结果A组周边视网膜无变性者29只眼，占24．79％；周边视网膜有变性者88只眼，占75．21％。B组周边视网膜无变性者1只眼，占2．00％；周边视网膜有变性者49只眼，占98．00％。比较两组周边视网膜变性的发生率（X2=12．34，P=0．000），差异有统计学意义。结论高度近视伴视网膜脱离（A组）周边视网膜变性的发生率明显低于中度近视伴视网膜脱离者（B组）。

Objective To compare the occurrence of the peripheral retinal degeneration between moderate myopia and high myopia with retinal detachment. Methods One hundred and sixty-seven eyes of 166 myopic patients with retinal detachment who underwent vitrectomy were analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups according to myopic refractive degree： group A with 117 eyes of 117 cases of high myopia （ - 6.25D and over） with retinal detachment and group B with 50 eyes of 49 cases of moderate myopia （between -3.00D and -6. OOD） with retinal detachment. The peripheral retinas of myopic patients were examined carefully through three-mirror contact lens and during the vitrectomy surgery. Results Twenty-nine eyes without peripheral retinal degeneration accounted for 24.79% and 88 eyes with obvious peripheral retinal degeneration accounted for 75.21% were in group A. One eye without peripheral retinal degeneration accounted for 2.00% and 49 eyes with obvious peripheral retinal degeneration accounted for 98.00% were in group B. The occurrence rates of peripheral retinal degeneration between the two groups were compared by using the chi-square test and the difference was statistically significant （X2 = 12. 34, P = 0.000）. Conclusion The occurrence rate of peripheral retinal degeneration in high myopic patients with retinal detachment （group A ） is obviously lower than that in moderate myopic patients with retinal detachment （ group B）.