重庆地铁马家岩站自然通风的实测

Characteristic Research of Natural Ventilation in Majiayan Subway Station in Chongqing

地铁通风系统是地铁运营中的耗能大户,将自然风引入地铁站,对其空气品质的改善和节能具有重要意义。但自然通风量的大小,除了活塞效应以外,还受热压作用、风压作用等各种因素的影响。以重庆地铁1号线马家岩站为研究对象,在春季非空调工况下,对地铁站的自然通风情况进行了实地测试与分析。结果表明,地铁运行期间,活塞效应作用下会引入室外新风,同时受到热压作用和车流影响,气流表现不稳定;在停运一小时内,受到车站通风换气和热压作用影响,主要表现为自然进风。

Subway ventilation system is a large energy consumption in the subway operation. It has important significance to improve the air quality and energy saving by leading natural wind into subway station. The amount of natural ventilation is affected by thermal pressure, wind pressure and other factors in addition to the piston effect. Based on Majiayan Subway Station of Chongqing Subway Line 1, under the condition of non air-conditioning in spring, this paper conducts a field test and analyses natural ventilation of subway station. The results show that outdoor air will be introduced under the action of the piston effect. In the meantime, influenced by thermal pressing and traffic flow, the airflow is not stable. Within an hour outage, influenced by thermal pressing and tunnel ventilation, the airflow mainly enters the subway station.