2015年锦州市城区主要病媒生物监测

Investigation of main medical vectors in Jinzhou in 2015

目的调查锦州市主要病媒生物(蚊、蝇、鼠、蟑螂)季节消长规律及种群构成,为有效预防和控制病媒生物性传染病的流行提供参考依据。方法依据《辽宁省2009年病媒生物监测实施细则》开展重要病媒生物监测,成蚊密度监测采用灯诱法,蝇类密度监测采用笼诱法,鼠密度监测采用夹夜法,蟑螂密度监测采用粘捕法。结果蚊类有3种,淡色库蚊(52.5%)为优势种;蝇类有5种,丝光绿蝇(46.5%)和家蝇(28.4%)为优势种;鼠类有褐家鼠(67.7%)、小家鼠(13.0%)和黑线仓鼠(19.3%)3种。蟑螂均为德国小蠊。蚊类生境分布以牲畜棚和农户密度较高;蝇类以餐饮外环境密度较高;平均鼠密度以城郊结合部自然村密度最高;蟑螂主要分布于餐饮行业。蚊、蝇和蟑螂在8月、7月、6月各出现一个高峰期,鼠类在3月和10月先后出现2个高峰期。结论锦州地区媒介生物密度较高,在提倡综合生物防治策略的同时,要加强对相关传染病的监测与控制。

Objective To survey seasonal fluctuation and population structure of main medical vectors（ mosquitoes,flies,mice,cockroaches） in Jinzhou,and provide a reference for the control work. Methods The investigation was carried out according to＂ the implementation details of vector monitor Liaoning Province,2009 ＂. Light trap method,cage trap method,night trap method and sticky trap method were employed respectively for the monitoring of mosquitoes,flies,mice and cockroaches. Results Three species of mosquitoes were captured,and the dominant species was Culex pipiens（ 52. 5%）. Lucilia sericata（ 46. 5%） and Musca domestica（ 28. 4%） were the dominant species of five captured fly species. Three main rodent species were Rattus norvegicus（ 67. 7%）,Mus musculus（ 13. 0%） and Cricetulus barabensis（ 19. 3%）. Only one species of cockroach,Blattella germanica,was captured.Mosquitoes were captured mainly from livestock sheds and farmers,flies from dining-outside environment,rodents from suburban villages,and cockroaches from catering industry. The density peaks of mosquitoes,flies and cockroaches appeared respectively in August,July and June,while that of rodents in March and October. Conclusion The situation of main medical vectors in Jinzhou is well understood,and integrated pest management should be strengthened.