APOBEC3A的功能研究新进展

Advancein the activies of human APOBEC3A

APOBEC3家族的脱氨酶功能导致ssDNA上的dC→dU,使DNA突变,从而引起基因组的不稳定性和癌症,因此APOBEC3家族成为人体内抑制反转录病毒及反转录元件等的重要因子。APOBEC3A只有一个锌离子结合域,是应答α干扰素时,在巨噬细胞和单核细胞大量表达的唯一APOBEC3成员。APOBEC3A在病毒抑制、DNA分解及细胞周期中的作用,使其成为该家族研究中的热点。若深入了解APOBEC3A的功能与作用机制,可能为基因治疗、疫苗研究、癌症治疗等带来新的机遇和希望。

The apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like 3can mutate DNA by deamination of cytidine in the single strand DNA to uridine,then lead to the diability of genome and cancer.So APOBEC3 proteins are potent antiretroviral factors in the innate immune system of the host and can restrict retroelements.APOBEC3 A is a single-domain cytidine deaminase,and the only APOBEC3 member to be highly expressed in macrophages and monocytes in response to interferonα.Now,APOBEC3 Ahas become the hot point because of its role in blocking the viruses,degrading DNA and cell cycle arrest.This review illustrates the antiretroviral activities and mechaniamsof APOBEC3 Aand the role in carcinoma development,and may provide hopes and opportunities for the gene therapy,DNA vaccination and cancer immune therapy.