文冠果壳渣联产糠醛及高吸附性能活性炭

Preparation of furfural and activated carbon using the shell of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge as raw material

以文冠果壳为原料,利用硫酸法制备糠醛,在单因素实验的基础上采用正交试验法研究硫酸浓度(A)、料液比(B)、蒸馏温度(C)、蒸馏时间(D)对糠醛得率的影响。糠醛渣采用微波辐照氯化锌法制备活性炭,通过正交试验法研究氯化锌浓度(A)、浸渍时间(B)、微波功率(C)、辐照时间(D)对活性炭得率、碘吸附值、亚甲基蓝吸附值的影响。结果显示,制备糠醛的最佳工艺条件为:硫酸浓度为2.0 mol/L,料液比为1∶6,反应温度为160℃,反应时间为2 h,在该条件下糠醛的产率为17.2%;制备活性炭的最佳工艺条件为:氯化锌质量分数为40%,浸渍时间为24 h,微波功率为700 W,辐射时间为5 min,在此条件下,文冠果壳木糖渣活性炭的得率为53.35%,碘吸附值与亚甲基蓝脱色力分别达到983.17 mg/g和165.59 m L/g。

The shell of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge is used as the raw material to prepare furfural and activated carbon in this study. The effects of sulfate concentration,solid to liquid ratio,distillation temperature and time on the yield of furfural are studied by orthogonal tests. Then the furfural residue is used to prepare activated carbon by microwave radiation of zinc chloride. The influences of chloride zinc concentration,dipping time,microwave power and irradiation time on the yield of activated carbon yield,iodine value and methylene blue adsorption are also investigated through orthogonal test. The optimal conditions for preparation of furfural are shown as follows： 2. 0 mol / L of sulfate concentration,1∶ 6 of solid to liquid ratio,160℃ of distillation temperature and 2. 0 h of distillation time. Under the optimal condition,the yield of furfural is 17. 20%. The yield of activated carbon,iodine value and methylene blue decolorizing ability are 53. 35%,983. 17 mg / g and 165. 59 m L / g,respectively,under the following conditions： 40% of zinc chloride concentration,24 h of dip stains,700 W of microwave power and 5. 0 min of radiation time. It provides a new source of raw materials for the preparation of furfural and activated carbon with high adsorption performance,also creating a new way for the comprehensive exploitation and utilization of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge.