不同来源的蛋白水解物对凡纳滨对虾生长及非特异性免疫的影响

Effects of different sources of protein hydrolysates on growth performance and non-specific immunity of Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

以基础饲料为对照组(FM),在基础饲料中分别用鱼蛋白水解物(FPH)、猪血蛋白水解物(PBPH)、酵母蛋白水解物(YPH)和豆粕蛋白水解物(SPH)替代配方中10%的鱼粉,配制成五组等氮、等脂的饲料。每组三个重复,喂养初始体质量(2.39±0.10)g的凡纳滨对虾8周,探讨饲料中不同蛋白水解物对凡纳滨对虾生长和非特异性免疫的影响。结果表明:FM组的末重和特定生长率高于FPH组(P>0.05),且显著高于PBPH组、SPH组和YPH组(P<0.05);FPH组和FM组的摄食率显著低于PBPH组和SPH组(P<0.05),但与YPH组无显著性差异(P>0.05);FPH组血清碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、一氧化氮合酶活性和总抗氧化能力高于YPH组(P>0.05),且显著高于FM组、PBPH组和SPH组(P<0.05),FPH组血清超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和溶菌酶活性高于YPH组和FM组(P>0.05),且显著高于PBPH组和SPH组(P<0.05);FPH组肝胰脏溶菌酶活性、总抗氧化能力和一氧化氮合酶活性高于YPH组(P>0.05),且显著高于FM组、PBPH组和SPH组(P<0.05),FPH组肝胰脏碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性高于YPH组和FM组(P>0.05),且显著高于PBPH组和SPH组(P<0.05)。综上分析可知,四种不同来源蛋白水解物替代鱼粉后投喂凡纳滨对虾,鱼蛋白水解物效果最好,其次是酵母蛋白水解物、猪血蛋白水解物和豆粕蛋白水解物。

This study was conducted to investigate the fish meal protein of basal diets on growth performance effect of four protein hydrolysates for replacing and non-specific immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei. The control （FM）group included fish meal as the single protein source. The experimental groups were replaced 10% of fish meal protein with four protein hydrolysates, including fish protein hydrolysate（FPH）, pig blood protein hydrolysate （PBPH）, soy protein hydrolysate （SPH）and yeast protein hydrolysate （YPH）. Five diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic. All diets were fed in triplicate groups of L. vannamei [initial weight （2.39±0.10 g）] for 8 weeks. Results indicated that the final body weight and specific growth rate （SGR）were significantly improved when fish were fed the FM and FPH groups compared with the PBPH, SPH, and YPH groups （P〈0.05）, but there were no significant impacts on survival rate among all groups （P〉0.05）. The FPH and FM groups showned significantly lower feed intake com- pared with that of PBPH and SPH groups （P〈 0.05）, while feed intake in the FPH, FM and YPH groups was not significantly different （P〉0.05）. There were no difference in AKP, ACP, NOS activities and T-AOC of serum among FPH and YPH groups （P〉0.05）, while FPH group were significantly higher than that in FM, PBPH, and SPH groups （P〈O.O5）. SOl）, POD, LZM activities in serum of the FPH group were significantly higher than PBPH and SPH groups （P〈0.05）, while FPH, FM, and YPH groups was not significantly different （P〉 0.05）. There were no difference in AKP, ACP, POD, SOD activities of hepatopancreas among FPH, YPH, and FM groups （P〉0.05）, while FPH group were significantly higher than PBPH and SPH groups （P〈0.05）. LZM and NOS activities and T-AOC in hepatopancreas of the FPH group were significantly higher than FM, PBPH, and SPH groups （P〈0.05）, while FPH and YPH groups was not significantly different （P〉0.05）. In conclusion, FPH had the best increasing tendency on growth and non-specific immunity compared with other diets, followed by YPH, PBPH and SPH.