上海地区夏季居民空调器使用行为及能耗模拟研究

Study on Behavior and Energy Consumption Simulation of Air Conditioner in Shanghai Area in Summer

我国上海地区的住宅空调能耗受"部分时间、部分空间"的使用模式影响较大,传统能耗模拟软件中采用的固定作息法无法对人员行为的随机性进行描述,研究该地区住宅空调能耗需要对人的行为进行更为准确的描述与模拟。本研究基于DeST能耗模拟软件中马尔可夫链的人员移动模型和动作概率触发模型的人行为模块,通过由实际调研采集到的人行为数据计算住户的移动模型和开关空调的动作概率模型,并对住宅空调能耗进行模拟。将模拟结果与实测数据进行对比,模拟结果说明人行为模型可以较好地描述上海地区住宅居民夏季空调行为,解释目前该地区住宅空调能耗水平整体较低的现状。

Air-conditioning energy consumption of residential building is significantly impacted by occupant＇s partially and discontinuously operating behavior in Shanghai. The scheduled method of traditional simulation software cannot describe the stochastic human behavior. To predict the energy consumption of air-conditioner more precisely, an occupancy model based on the Marcov Chain and an air-conditioning usage conditional probability was applied in this paper. The input of the behavior model was obtained from field investigation data. The simulation result was consistent with the field study, which shows that the behavior model can describe residential occupants air-conditioning usage more accurately. The result also explained the reason why the air-conditioning energy consumption of residential building is low in Shanghai district now.