中国登革热病例流行病学特征及传播媒介监测数据分析

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in China

目的根据我国登革热监测数据，分析我国登革热病例流行病学特征，总结发病趋势，探讨相应防制对策及建议。方法根据“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”上报的登革热发病数据及部分重点省份蚊媒监测数据进行分析。采用SPSS20．0进行统计分析，利用MAPinfo软件绘制全国病例分布地图。结果2015年1—6月全国21个省（自治区、直辖市）累计报告登革热病例134例，其中本地感染病例lO例，集中于云南（7例）、广东（3例），无重症病例和死亡病例报告。报告总发病数居前5位的省份依次为广东（37例）、福建（15例）、云南（14例）、浙江（13例）和四川（11例）。广东、云南等部分重点省份布雷图指数显著高于预警值，提示传播风险较大。结论我国疫情以东南亚地区输入为主，疫情主要分布在南方省份。大部分低纬度省份在4月份起蚊媒密度升高，且控制效果不理想。探寻长效监测体系，建立可持续蚊媒监控体系，在疫情早期阶段及时采取综合防控措施，对我国登革热防控工作具有重要意义。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics and trends of dengue fever and explore the prevention and control measures based on the dengue fever surveillance data from Jan to Jun, 2015 in China. Methods The incidence data of dengue fever extracted from the national notifiable disease reporting system, and yellow-fever mosquito monitoring data collected by the provinces were used to carry out the study. Results From Jan to Jun 2015, we identified 134 dengue fever cases in China. There were dengue fever cases reported in 21 provinces, and the first 5 provinces reporting high incidence of dengue were Guangdong （37 cases）, Fujian （15 cases）, Yunnan （14 cases）, Zhejiang （13 cases） and Sichuan （11 cases） province. The mosquito density in part of sentinels were much higher than the alarming threshold of 5. Conclusions The surveillance results show that we face increasing imported cases, earlier outbreaks, high density of mosquitoes in southern areas. Therefore, we should strengthen the case and mosquito surveillance, strengthen social mobilization and department cooperation, to take timely and comprehensive prevention and control measures in the early stage of the epidemic, and prevent the spread of the disease.