骨组织支架的计算机辅助设计方法综述

A Review of Computer Aided Design for Bone Tissue Scaffolds

随着先进的计算机辅助设计和增材制造技术的快速发展,使得制造具有复杂几何结构的骨组织支架成为可能。根据骨组织支架功能设计要求,从几何形态的角度出发将其结构分为规则性多孔结构和不规则多孔结构两大类,并综述了骨组织支架的设计方法,特别强调了两种适合增材制造的设计方法,即三周期极小曲面(TPMS)和拓扑优化。针对骨组织支架结构设计面临的技术挑战,展望了骨组织支架设计方法的可能发展趋势。

The new and emerging additive manufacturing technologies in recent years make it possible to fabricate bone tissue scaffolds with highly complex geometry structure. Based on the versatile functionality requirements, the structures of bone tissue scaffolds are firstly categorized into two groups, more precisely, the regular porous structure and the irregular ones, according to their geometries. Then the design methods for above classified structures are reviewed respectively. The triply periodic minimal surfaces （TPMS） based and topology optimization based design methods, which are very suitable for additive manufacturing, are especially emphasized. Finally, technical challenges for the design methods of bone tissue scaffolds are analyzed, and the possible developing trend in this field is prospected.