高密度城区分布式海绵化改造策略

Distributed Sponge Renovation Of High Density Districts

随着我国城镇化水平的不断提高,高密度城区成为非常普遍的城市特征区域,然而其中由于基底的硬质化现象严重,在暴雨等极端灾害面前暴露出极高的风险性。文章以高密度城区的海绵化改造为对象,对传统城市规划中习惯采用集中式雨水治理机制的方式进行了反思,指出这种方式容易引发系统性的雨洪抵御风险,导致很多城市在暴雨发生时陷入被动甚至瘫痪状态。通过总结国际上的前瞻性观点,文章提出雨水治理机制应当从集中式转向分布式,将每栋楼宇改造为立体海绵单元、最大限度地维护自然调蓄系统的网络性和弹性、促成雨水收集系统由树状向网络状方向转变等海绵化改造方式。

High density area is becoming common in cities as urbanization level increases. Ground cementation in these areas has made them high risk at lfood times. The paper relfects traditional rainwater management methods, indicates the method can easily cause systematic rainwater prevention risks, and may paralyze a city at extreme conditions. With conclusion of major concepts, the paper reviews mainstream perspectives globaly, proposes transition of rainwater management from concentration to distribution：each building is a sponge unit; preserving the lfexibility and network of natural rainwater regulation and storage system; transforming rainwater colection system from tree form to grid network.