牛黄解毒片的显微鉴别及薄层鉴别

Microscopic Identification and TCL Identification of Niuhuang Jiedu Tablets

〔目的〕对牛黄解毒片进行显微鉴别,并使用薄层色谱对其中的6种有效成分进行二次展开。〔方法〕先在显微镜下观测大黄特有的簇晶,确定鉴别对象有大黄。然后,以正己烷、乙酸乙酯、甲酸(30∶10∶0.36)为鉴别大黄5种成分(芦荟大黄素、大黄素、大黄素甲醚、大黄酸、大黄酚)的一次展开剂,以乙酸乙酯、丁酮、甲酸、水(10∶7∶1∶1)为分离出黄芩苷的二次展开剂。〔结果〕通过显微鉴别可以清晰地看到大黄簇晶,且通过二次展开可以在薄层板上清晰地看到分离的6种成分与相应的标准品在相同的位置。〔结论〕结果表明,此方法简便、分离斑点清晰、重现性好、专属性强,可为重新制定牛黄解毒片的鉴别标准提供依据。

〔Objective 〕Six active ingredients were analyzed by TLC with second outspread method with the microscopic identification of Niuhuang Jiedu Tablets.〔Methods〕First, to determine the identification of objects with rhubarb by observeding the rhubarb unique crystal clusters under a microscope. Then, the five active ingredients of rhubarb（ aloe emodin, emodin,emodin ether, rhein, chrysophanol） were distinguished with hexane-ethyl acetate-formic acid（ 30 ∶ 10 ∶ 0. 36） as the primary developing solvent; and the baicalin was isolated with ethyl acetate-butanone-formic acid-water（ 10 ∶ 7 ∶ 1 ∶ 1） as secondary developing agent.〔Results〕Rhubarb crystal clusters can clearly see by microscopic identification. And you can clearly see the position of the six components in TLC plate through the secondary expansion of the same standard with the corresponding separated.〔Conclusion〕The method is handy and clearly separated spots with a good sensitivity and reproducibility, and it can provide the basis for the re-enactment Niuhuang jiedu identification standards.