军校合训学员心理资本现状及影响因素

Status of Psychological Capital in Joint-training Cadets in Military Academy and its Influence Factors

目的了解军校合训学员心理资本状况,探索提升其心理资本的有效途径。方法依据分层抽样原则,采用自编《军校合训学员积极心理资本问卷(PPQ-28)》对某军校746名在校合训学员进行调查。结果合训学员心理资本总分与各维度均分均在一般水平(3.5分)以上,其中希望得分最高(5.33±0.94),韧性得分最低(4.43±1.11)。女学员韧性维度得分显著高于男学员(P<0.05);非独生子女希望、自我效能维度得分显著高于独生子女(P<0.05);除乐观维度,不同年级学员其余各项维度得分比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05);不同政治面貌学员希望、自我效能、韧性维度得分比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05);不同兴趣爱好、不同同学之间关系学员各维度得分比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05);除韧性维度外,不同选择军校目的的学员在其余各组之间比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05);不同家庭所在地学员在希望、情绪智力维度得分比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05);不同家庭月收入学员各维度得分比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论心理资本与学员心理健康密切相关,培养心理资本是促进军校合训学员心理健康和能力发展的有效途径。

Objective To explore the mental health status of the joint-training cadets in military academy, in order to improve psychological capital for the joint-training cadets. Methods In accordance with principle of stratified sampling, self-edited questionnaire named joint-training Cadets＂ Positive Psychological Capital Survey（ PPQ-28 ） was used to investigate 746 joint-training cadets of a military academy. Results The results showed that average scores of joint-training cadets＂ psychological capital were higher than 3.5 （the general score） in general, as well as in individual dimension. The highest was the expectation score（5.33 ±0.94）, while the lowest was the toughness score （4.43 ± 1.11 ）. Female cadets＂ toughness scores were statistically higher than male cadets＂ （ P〈0.05 ）. The expectation score and self-effectiveness score of non-singletons were higher than singletons （ P〈0. 05）. Except for optimism dimension, the scores of the others dimensions of cadets in different grades showed statistically difference （P〈0.05）. Cadets with different political status showed significantly difference in expectation, self-effectiveness and toughness dimensions scores （ P〈0.05 ）. Cadets with different interests and class-mates＂ relations had significantly difference in all dimensions （P〈0.05）. Except for toughness dimension, cadets with different purposes to choose military academies showed statistically difference in the rest dimensions （ P〈0. 05 ）. Cadets from different places showed significant difference in expectation, emotion and intelligence （P〈0.05）. Cadets from families with different earnings had no significant difference （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Psychological capital is closely related with cadets＂ psychological health. Culturing psychological capital is an effective way to promote joint-training cadets＂ psychological health.