放养模式下不同鸡种屠宰性能、肉质特性及相关基因表达规律研究

Analysis on Carcass Trait,Meat Quality and Related Gene Expression Pattern between Different Chicken Breed in Free-range System

研究以大恒699优质肉鸡和沐川黑鸡为素材,于3个日龄点进行屠宰性能和肉质特性的分析,同时采用RT-PCR法对ADSL基因和H-FABP基因表达量进行测定,分析基因表达规律及其与肉质性状之间的相关性。结果:1屠宰性能:大恒699在120日龄时屠宰率最高,90日龄时胸肌率和腿肌率最佳;沐川黑鸡90日龄时胸肌率、腿肌率偏低,120日龄时屠宰率、胸肌率和腿肌率均较高。2肉质特性:大恒699与沐川黑鸡肌苷酸(IMP)含量均为先降后升的趋势,品种间差异不显著(P>0.05)。大恒699肌内脂肪(IMF)含量随日龄增加而增加;沐川黑鸡IMF含量120日龄>150日龄>90日龄,大恒699 IMF含量略高于沐川黑鸡。3基因表达规律及与肉质性状相关性:大恒699和沐川黑鸡ADSL基因相对表达量90日龄时高于120和150日龄,大恒699差异显著(P<0.05)。ADSL基因相对表达量均与IMP含量显著相关(P<0.05),基因表达量的增减趋势与IMP含量的变化趋势一致。两个品种H-FABP基因相对表达量日龄间差异不显著(P>0.05),90和150日龄H-FABP基因相对表达量与IMF含量显著或极显著负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),而120日龄H-FABP基因相对表达量与IMF含量不相关(P>0.05)。

This study was aimed to measure carcass traits and meat quality of Daheng 699 quality chicken line and Muehuan black chicken at three ages, and analyze gene expression pattern and the correlation with meat trait based on the measurement of the expression of ADSL gene and H-FABP gene by RT-PCR. The results were as follows： ① Carcass traits：Daheng 699 owned the largest dressing percentage at 120 days of age, and the best breast and leg muscle rate at 90 days of age, while Muchuan black chicken shared a relatively lower breast and leg muscle rate at 90 days of age and higher at 120 days of age. The dressing percentage of Muchuan black chicken was also high at 120 days of age. ②Meat quality： IMP contents involved in both Daheng 699 and Muchuan black chicken dropped at the beginning,then increased,and the difference between the two breeds was quite slight （P〉0.05）. IMF content of Daheng 699 increased with its age,and was a slightly greater than that of Muchuan black chieken,IMF content of which was 120 days of age〉150 days of age〉90 days of age. ③Regulation of gene expression and the correlation with the meat quality： the expression of ADSL gene at 90 days of age was higher than those at 120 days of age and 150 days of age in both two breeds,especially in Daheng 699 （P〈0.05）. The expressions of ADSL gene were significant correlation with IMP contents in both two breeds （P〈0.05）,and the two shared the same tendency of going up and down. The expression of H-FABP gene among ages didn＇t change much,and it had a negative correlation with IMF content at 90 days of age and 150 days of age （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. However, the correlation disappeared in Daheng 699 and Muchuan black chicken at 120 days of age （P〉0.05）.