痉挛型脑瘫儿童与正常儿童口腔共鸣特征比较

A Comparative Study of Oral Resonance Characteristics between Spastic Cerebral Palsy Children and Normal Children

目的比较痉挛型脑瘫儿童与正常儿童口腔共鸣的差异,探讨痉挛型脑瘫儿童口腔共鸣异常的特征。方法采用启音博士—实时言语测量仪软件,对学龄前痉挛型脑瘫儿童和正常儿童各25例发/a/、/i/、/u/韵母音平稳段的第一、二共振峰(F1、F2)进行采集提取,分析比较两组各测试音的F1、F2频率值及口腔共鸣障碍发生率、类型。结果脑瘫儿童发/a/音的F1、F2分别为1 184.16±323.10Hz、1 895.37±258.77Hz,正常儿童F1、F2分别为1 296.01±102.68Hz、1 896.20±161.54Hz,两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);脑瘫儿童发/i/音的F1、F2分别为423.38±150.98Hz、2 639.54±634.08 Hz,正常儿童分别为327.64±84.18 Hz、3 454.80±162.64Hz,脑瘫儿童的F1高于正常儿童,F2低于正常儿童,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);脑瘫儿童发/u/音的F1、F2分别为427.62±136.00 Hz、872.35±226.34 Hz,正常儿童分别为370.55±117.47 Hz、1 085.77±255.27Hz,两组间F1差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),脑瘫儿童F2低于正常儿童(P<0.05)。脑瘫儿童口腔共鸣异常发生率达60%(15/25),以后位聚焦居多(53.33%,8/15),其次为混合型聚焦(20.0%,3/15),喉位聚焦和前位聚焦各2例(各占13.33%,2/15)。结论痉挛型脑瘫儿童容易出现口腔聚焦,主要表现为后位聚焦或混合型共鸣障碍;发/i/、/u/音的F2值可为脑瘫患儿口腔共鸣障碍的评估提供参考。

Objective To compare the oral resonance differences between normal children and children with spastic cerebral palsy,and to explore the oral resonance characteristics of children with spastic cerebral palsy.Methods A total of 15 cases of preschool children with spastic cerebral palsy and 25 cases of normal preschool children were included in this study.The first and second formants on each group of children of Chinese vowels/a/,/i/,/u/core,were extracted and analyzed by Dr speech software.Results There were no significant difference of/a/F1,/a/F2,/u/F1 between two groups（P〉0.05）;/i/F1and/u/F2 had a significant difference（P〈0.05）;/i/F2 had a high degree of statistical significance（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Children with spastic cerebral palsy are prone to oral resonance while most oral resonance disorder of children with cerebral palsy is post focusing and mixed oral resonance disorder;/i/F2and/u/F2 can provide a meaningful reference for speech and oral resonance disorders evaluation of children with cerebral palsy.