1995—2013年承德市生态足迹变化分析

Dynamics Analysis of Ecological Footprint of Chengde City in 1995-2013

生态足迹可用于测定与度量区域可持续发展程度。文章通过对承德市1995—2013年的生态足迹进行计算,分析了城市生态足迹的动态变化,为制定地区生态足迹消减政策提供依据。结果表明:1995—2013年承德市总的人均生态足迹呈递增状态,由1995年的1.1740 ghm2/人增至2013年的2.4939 ghm2/人,增幅为112.44%;化石能源用地是承德市人均生态足迹增大的主要原因;可利用人均生态承载力呈现先减后增的趋势,由1995年的0.2888 ghm2/人下降至2007年的0.2471 ghm2/人,降幅为16.88%,而后增加至2013年的0.3758 ghm2/人,增幅为34.25%。承德市一直处于生态赤字状态,且呈增加趋势,1995—2013年的人均生态赤字分别是全球及全国2008年水平的1.8倍和1.3倍,分别是北京市、天津市以及河北省1996—2011年平均水平的53.65%、65.20%和98.66%,对减小京津冀地区生态赤字的贡献率不大。

Ecological footprint can be used to measure the regional sustainable development level. This paper calcu- lated the ecological footprints of Chengde City in 1995-2003 to analyze the dynamic change of ecological footprint in there, so as to provide the basis for regional ecological footprint reduction policy. The result showed that the per capi- ta ecological footprint had rapidly increased in 1995-2013from 1. 1740 ghm2/person in 1995 to 2. 4939 ghmE/person, up 112. 44%. Fossil energy use is the main reason for the growth of per capita ecological footprint. The available per capita ecological carrying capacity presented a trend of first decrease from O. 2888 ghm//person in 1995 to 0. 2471 gbmE/person in 2007, down 16. 88% , and then increase up to O. 3758 ghm2/person, up 34. 25%. Chengde has been in a state of ecological deficit and the deficit moreover presented agrowing trend. The average per capita ecologi- cal deficit was 1.8 times of the global level and 1.3 times of the national level in 2008, respectively took up 53.65% , 65.20% and 98.66%. of the levels of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, respectively, during 1996 -2011. This indicates that the current ecological footprint in Chengde makes little contribution to the reduction of ecological deficit in reducing Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.