上海市森林生态服务价值评估与分析

Valuation and Analysis of Urban Forest Ecological Services in Shanghai

为了直观反映森林的生态服务功能,展示上海市森林建设和保护成就,为政府部门开展生态补偿工作提供科学依据,研究基于国家林业局行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T1721-2008),构建适合上海市森林特征的指标体系,选用上海社会公共参数,评估其森林生态服务价值。结果表明:2014年上海市森林生态服务总价值为128.08亿元/a,其中,涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、调节气候、积累营养物质、净化大气环境、森林防护、生物多样性保护和森林游憩价值分别为19.65亿元/a、3.78亿元/a、3.67亿元/a、40.18亿元/a、0.58亿元/a、6.04亿元/a、5.21亿元/a、11.86亿元/a和37.11亿元/a。单位面积森林的年产出价值为13.12万元/hm2·a,人均享受森林生态服务价值500余元。森林生态系统中,乔木林发挥着主导作用。可见,量化森林生态服务功能,能够指导上海城市林业的发展方向。

In line with the Forest Ecosystem Services Assessment Standard （LY/T1721-2008）, an industry standard issued by the State Forestry Administration, the study selected the index system that is adapted to the forest characteristics in Shanghai and also adopted the social public parameters to valuate the urban forest ecological services of Shanghai, so as to visually reflect the ecological services and functions, demonstrate the achievements in forest devel- opment and protection in Shanghai and provide scientific basis for government authorities to promote the ecological service payment. The results showed that the forest ecological services were totally valuated at 12808 million yuan, while water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, regulating climate, nutrient element accumulation, air purification, forest protection, biodiversity conservation and forest recreation were valuated at 1965 million, 378 million, 367million, 4018 million, 58 million, 604 million, 521 million, 1186 million and 3711 mil- lion, respectively. The average annual value of unit-area forest ecological services was 131 200 yuan .hm^2. al , and the per capita forest ecological service was valuated at approximately 500 yuan. In forest ecosystem, arbor plays a leading role. The quantitative valuation of forest ecological services will be used to guide the urban forest development In Shanghai.