LNG-IUS治疗子宫腺肌病相关经量过多的前瞻性研究

A prospective study on the effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for adenomyosis with menorrhagia

目的：在前瞻性研究中分析左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统（LNG-IUS）治疗子宫腺肌病相关经量过多的效果及经量过多缓解的预测因素。方法北京协和医院妇产科从2006年12月至2014年12月对门诊或住院的通过超声检查诊断为子宫腺肌病的经量过多和（或）重度痛经患者共1100例给予LNG-IUS治疗，在放置前后不同随访时间点评估患者的出血评分、LNG-IUS带器情况、痛经症状、生化指标、体格参数、月经模式以及不良反应，分析出血评分及贫血状态的变化趋势、经量过多缓解的预测因素以及与月经模式、不良反应的关系。结果符合入选标准的子宫腺肌病患者共1100例患者，其中经量过多患者618例（56.18%，618/1100），中位随访时间28个月（范围1~60个月），在放置LNG-IUS后60个月时的累积续用率为66%。放置LNG-IUS后患者的出血评分与放置前相比均显著下降（P均〈0.01），放置前、放置后3、6、12、24、36、48和60个月的出血评分分别为（157±34）、（94±35）、（70±33）、（67±18）、（67±20）、（65±19）、（66±19）、（65±21）分。放置LNG-IUS后经量过多患者的比例与放置前相比显著下降（P均〈0.01）。在放置LNG-IUS后的24个月内，每个随访时间点与前一随访时间点比较，出血评分、贫血状态均有显著改善（P均〈0.01）。未能发现可以统一预测经量过多缓解的相关因素。经量过多的缓解情况与同期患者报告的月经模式变化、总体不良反应、不同类型的不良反应等因素均无显著相关性（P均〉0.05）。结论 LNG-IUS是治疗子宫腺肌病相关经量过多的有效方案，经量过多的缓解与患者的一般情况、治疗模式、月经模式变化或不良反应无关。

Objective To investigate treatment effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system （LNG-IUS） for adenomyosis with menorrhea in a prospective study. Methods From December 2006 to December 2014, patients of symptomatic adenomyosis diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound in outpatient or inpatient clinics of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were given the treatment of LNG-IUS. Before and after placement of LNG-IUS, all the patients′parameters were recorded prospectively, including scores of menstruation blood loss, carrying status of IUS, symptoms and scores of dysmenorrhea, biochemical indicators, physical parameters, menstruation patterns and adverse effects. Changes of pictorial chart scores of menstruation and distribution of anemia during follow-up were analyzed. Results Totally 1 100 women meets inclusion criteria, among which 618 cases （56.18%, 618/1 100） had severe menorrhea, with median follow-up period of 28 months （range 1-60 months）, and accumulative carrying rate of 66% at 60 months follow-up. After placement of LNG-IUS, compared with baselines, pictorial chart scores and ratio of menorrhea had decreased significantly （all P〈0.01）, the scroes of menstruation were 157±34, 94±35, 70±33,67 ± 18, 67 ± 20, 65 ± 19, 66 ± 19, 65 ± 21 at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months respectively. During 24 months after placement of LNG-IUS, pictorial chart scores and distribution of anemia had improved significantly compared with preceding period （all P〈0.01）. We found no dependent factors predicting improvement of pictorial chart scores of menorrhea, which was neither relevant with simultaneous changes of menstruation patterns nor adverse effects （all P〉0.05）. Conclusions LNG-IUS is effective for adenomyosis of menorrhea. Improvement of menstruation blood loss is independent on patients characters, menstruation patterns or adverse effects.