声景的研究与进展

A Review of Soundscape Research History and Progress

基于景观、规划和建筑设计的视角,从理念发展、研究框架、方法、近期成果和问题等多个方面对声景的研究进展进行了综述。声景的质量对环境体验、健康有着显著影响,从其概念的提出到研究的大量开展,声景的探索经历了数十年的发展,目前已经成为热门课题。声景与传统的噪声控制有着理念上的区别,近几年声景研究在多个方面取得了进展,包括多种声景地图绘制技术的发展、声景设计的实践等。若干个研究框架和模型已被提出,并有一系列研究方法被发展出来,但该领域至今仍未建立起公认的研究体系,并存在部分研究结果可靠性不够、概念向公众普及不足等问题。最后对我国的声景研究提出了建议。

Based on the perspectives of landscape design, urban planning and architectural design, the paper reviewed soundscape research progress towards the development of soundscape concept, research frameworks, methodologies, recent achievements, and also the existing problems in soundscape research. Soundscape quality has impact on the human environmental experience and health. From the early proposal of soundscape concept to the currently increasing interest in it, soundscape study has been a popular research topic. The approach to soundscape in both research and practice have a substantial difference with traditional noise control, and its progress has been made in various aspects of soundscape research in recent years, including the development of soundscape mapping technology, and numbers of soundscape design practices. Various achievements have been made, while a widely acknowledged research system has yet to be fully established. The problems such as the lack of reliability of some research results, and the insufficiency of popularisation of soundscape concept among the public still have not been solved. At the end of the paper, several suggestions on soundscape research in China were raised.