呼吸内科下呼吸道感染细菌分布及其耐药性分析

Analysis of Bacterial Distribution of Lower Respiratory Infection and Their Drug Resistance in the Department of Respiratory Medicine

目的探析呼吸内科下呼吸道感染细菌分布及其耐药性。方法选择湖北省孝感市中心医院呼吸内科收治1 537例下呼吸道感染患者,行痰液培养明确细菌分布并进行药敏试验掌握抗菌药物耐药情况。结果 1 537例患者共得到672份(43.72%)阳性标本,所获得菌株共782例,其中546例(69.82%)为革兰阴性球菌、157(20.08%)为革兰阳性球菌、79例(10.10%)为真菌。金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌主要对万古霉素、呋喃妥因、亚胺培南等有较高耐药性。结论革兰阴性球菌为下呼吸道感染最常见病原菌,包括铜绿假单胞菌、鲍式不动杆菌等,耐药分析显示金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌主要对万古霉素、呋喃妥因、亚胺培南、左氧氟沙星等耐药性高,临床用药时需予以注意。

Objective To explore the bacterial distribution of lower respiratory infection and their drug resistance in the department of respiratory medicine.Methods 1 537 cases of patients with lower respiratory infection treated in the department of respiratory medicine in our hospital were selected.Sputum culture was performed to confirm bacterial distribution and drug sensitivity test was performed to master antimicrobial resistance.Results A total of 672 （43.72%） positive samples were obtained from the 1 537 patients and a total of 782 bacterial strains were obtained of which 546 （69.82%） were gram-negative cocci, 157 （20.08%） were gram-positive cocci and 79（10.10%） were fungi.Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae mainly had high drug resistance to vancomycin , nitrofurantoin and imipenem etc..Conclusion Gram-negative cocci are the most common pathogenic bacteria of lower respiratory infection , including pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii , etc.Resistance analysis shows that Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus epidermal and Streptococcus pneumoniae mainly have high drug resistance to vancomycin , nitrofurantoin and imipenem etc., which needs attention when using drug in clinical.