梨黑斑病菌丙酸热空气联合处理技术研究

Combined propionic acid and hot air treatment for postharvest control of black spot disease on Chinese Ya pears

为了开发安全环保的梨黑斑病采后处理技术,满足出口国检疫要求,本文测定了不同浓度丙酸浸泡联合热空气处理对梨黑斑病菌发病和鸭梨品质的影响。结果表明,联合处理能有效抑制梨黑斑病发病,丙酸浓度越高,达到99%抑制率所需热处理时间越短,然而3%丙酸处理组有药害发生。进一步的验证实验表明,2%丙酸结合45℃热空气处理200 min以上,可完全抑制接种鸭梨发病,对鸭梨的硬度、糖度、酸度等品质指标无明显影响,且能显著降低鸭梨的呼吸速率和失重率,有利于保持鸭梨品质,可作为出口鸭梨黑斑病的采后处理技术指标。

In order to establish a safe and environmental-friendly postharvest technology for the control of black spot disease on export Chinese Ya pears,effects of postharvest propionic acid and hot air treatment on the disease incidence and fruit quality parameters were investigated in this manuscript. The results show that black spot disease could be effectively controlled by the combined treatment with 1% to 3%propionic acid and 45 ℃ hot air. Shorter treatment times were required to achieve 99% inhibition when higher concentrations of propionic acid were used. However,phytotoxicity symptoms could be observed on the pears treated with 3% propionic acid. Further verified experiment showed 100% inhibition could be achieved on inoculated pears treated with 2% propionic acid and hot air for more than 200 min. In the meanwhile,no significant adverse effects could be found on fruit quality parameters including the firmness,sugar content and acidity. All these results indicate the great potential of postharvest propionic acid and hot air treatment for the control of black spot disease on Chinese Ya pears.