突发性耳聋患者临床治疗效果及相关影响因素分析

Analysis of clinical therapeutic effect and related influencing factors in patients with sudden deafness

目的 探讨突发性耳聋患者临床治疗效果及相关影响因素分析.方法 回顾性分析2005年2月-2015年3月就诊且资料完整的785例突发性耳聋患者临床资料,利用x2检验和Spearman秩相关分析患者临床特征对治疗效果的影响进行比较,利用Logistic回归分析对影响突发性耳聋患者治疗效果的相关因素进行分析.结果 785例突发性耳聋患者经过治疗,痊愈135例（17.2％）,显效156例（19.9％）,有效236例（30.1％）,无效258例（32.9％）,总有效率67.1％.单因素分析显示,突发性耳聋患者治疗效果与性别、患侧、耳鸣、耳闷、高血压和糖尿病无关（P＞0.05）,而与眩晕、血脂异常、颈椎病和颅脑CT平扫阳性呈正相关（P＜0.05）;单因素分析显示,年龄、听力损失程度和听力曲线分型均是突发性耳聋患者治疗效果的影响因素（P＜0.05）,Spearman秩相关分析显示,年龄、听力损失程度和听力曲线分型均与治疗效果呈直线相关（rs =0.176,0.291和0.203,P＜0.05）;Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、听力损失程度、伴发眩晕和听力曲线分型均是突发性耳聋患者治疗效果独立影响因素（P＜0.05）.结论 突发性耳聋发病年龄越小、不伴发眩晕、听力损失越轻、听力曲线低中频下降型,患者预后越好.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of sudden sensorineural hearing loss and its related factors. Methods Clinical data of 785 patients suffering from sudden sensorineural hearing and treated in our hospital from Feb 2005 to March 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. The effects of clinical features on the treatment effect were analyzed by usingx2 test and Spearman rank correlation analysis. The relevant factors affecting the treatment effects were analyzed by using Logistic regression analysis. Results After treatment, 135 cases were recovered （ 17.2% ）, 156 had marked effect （ 19.9% ）, 236 were effective （30.1%）, and 258 cases were ineffective （32.9%）. The total effective rate was 67.1%. Univariate analysis showed that the treatment effects were not related with patients＇ gender, affected side, tinnitus, ear fullness, hypertension and diabetes （ all P 〉 0.05） , but with vertigo, dyslipidemia, cervical diseases and abnormalities in brain CT scan （ all P 〈0.05）. Univariate analysis also showed that patients＇ age, degree of hearing loss and hearing curve type were influencing factors for treatment effects （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that patients＇ age, degree of hearing loss and hearing curve type were linearly correlated with treatment effects （rs=0. 176, 0. 291 and 0. 203, P 〈 0.05 ）. Logistic regression analysis showed that patients＇ age, degree of hearing loss, vertigo and hearing curve type were independent influencing factors for treatment effects （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss appears to be good in patients with young onset age, mild hearing loss, low-intermediate frequency descending hearing curves, and without concomitant dizziness.