关于超电势和电解压的教学讨论

About Teaching the Overpotential and Decomposition Potential

分析了现有物理化学教材中关于电解池电极极化曲线和电解曲线图形表述的不足。以1.0 mol?L^(-1)KOH和0.50 mol?L^(-1)H_2SO_4为电解液,实测了用Pt电极电解水的电解曲线,对水在低电压和高电压区间的电解曲线进行了讨论,就观察到的关键实验现象进行了原因分析,这些结果有助于人们更深刻和更全面地理解电解过程。提出了在物理化学教学中应有的电解池电极极化曲线和电解曲线表现形式,以助益教学。

The shortcomings of the graphic statements on electrode polarization curves and electrolysis curves in current physical chemistry textbook were discussed.The electrolysis curves were recorded using Pt as the electrode,and 1.0 mol·L^-1 KOH and 0.50 mol·L^-1H2SO4 as electrolytes.The key experimental phenomena in both low-voltage and high-voltage regions were discussed,which would be helpful for the profound understanding of the electrolysis process.On this basis,the electrolysis and polarization curves in the forms helpful for the physical chemistry teaching were suggested.