轨道交通项目BOT＋TOD＋EPC模式的思考

Thinking of BOT + TOD + EPC Mode for Rail Transit Project

在借鉴先行城市经验基础上,佛山形成了BOT+TOD+EPC模式并运用到佛山市轨道交通2号线一期工程。对该模式的3个子模式BOT、TOD、EPC的概念及优缺点进行分析,探讨该模式存在的操作性组合。在介绍佛山轨道交通项目BOT+TOD+EPC模式特点后,对轨道交通项目BOT+TOD+EPC模式从合作对象、操作层面进行深入思考,并从合作对象、合作协议、项目监管、投资收益、TOD开发、成本控制、项目公司组织构架等方面提出可选方案、应注意的问题和对策,如:合作对象可以选择与大型基建、设备供应商等产业链企业合作,或与大型房地产开发公司合作;合作协议应注意保护小股东的合法权益;项目监管应明确归口管理部门和职责,以及预防资金断链;地方政府对投资收益不作出承诺;TOD开发需实现土地和轨道项目联合招标;需控制建设资金以补充运营资金的不足;项目公司组织架构应平衡设计。随着国家政策的大力支持,相信该模式的推广使用可以进一步推动国内城市轨道交通项目的建设。

Adopting the experience of other cities, Foshan formed a BOT ＋ TOD ＋ EPC Mode and applied it to the first phase of Foshan Rail Transit Line 2 project. This paper analyzes the concept, advantages and disadvantages of the three sub-modes, namely, BOT mode, TOD mode, EPC mode and discusses the operational mode combinations. After introducing BOT ＋ TOD ＋ EPC mode for Foshan rail transit projects, this paper analyzes BOT ＋ TOD ＋ EPC mode for rail transit project in terms of the partner and the operational level, and presents alternatives and solutions to the existing problems in terms of the cooperation object, cooperation agreement, project supervision, investment income, TOD development, cost control, organization structure of the project company and so on. For example, it is suggested that large-scale infrastructure and equipment suppliers in the industry chain or a large real estate development company should be chosen as partners; the protection of the legithnate rights and interests of the minority shareholders should be emphasized in the cooperation agreement; management departments and their responsibilities should be clear in the supervision of the project, and it is helpful to prevent funds chain from scission; the local governments should not ensure the investment income; TOD development requires joint tender of land and rail project; construction funds should be controlled to make up the shortage of operation funds, a balanced design is needed when the project company is organized. With the support of national policy, it is believed that this model will be used to promote the construction of urban rail transit projects in China.